Review on Ventilations
In CPR All Ventilations share the basic way they are performed:

• Rate of inspiration:  target is to push air into the lung for
                                        about 1 second.
• Volume of inspiration: target is about .5l (half of a liter)
• Rate of expiration:  immediately release the bag so the
                                       proper expiration takes place.
• Time between each ventilation: depends on whether it is performed
                                       a) as a part of 30:2 CPR, or
                                       b) during rescue breathing

During the 30:2 cycle of CPR there is NO TIME BETWEEN each ventilation. As soon the breath has fully expired, begin the next one. In CPR you provide 2 breaths within 4 seconds. (1 sec in, 1 sec out, 1 sec in, 1 sec out, then start compressions).

The time from the start of 1 inspiration to the start of the next inspiration is about 6 seconds. (1 sec in, 1 sec out, 4 second wait, then start the next ventilation)

At the Main Menu select "Ventilations" then the option which you want. On SmartMan there are two different ways to PRACTICE performing ventilations; for rescue breathing and for CPR.

Rescue Breathing PRACTICE You perform 1 minute of ventilations at a rate of 10-12 per minute. You should be taking 1 second to inspire to .5 to .6 liters, then fully release the bag, wait for 4 seconds and repeat. Rescue Breathing TEST You perform 1 minute of ventilations at a rate of 10-12 per minute. You should be taking 1 second to inspire to .5 to .6 liters, then fully release the bag, wait for 4 seconds and repeat.

CPR Ventilations PRACTICE
During CPR you only get 4 seconds to give the 2 breaths. In the SmartMan ventilations for CPR practice, we provide you with a practice of 20 breaths. You perform 20 breaths one after the other so you can get a feel for slowing the rate of inspiration but moving quickly to the next ventilation. NOTE: In SmartMan this is a training exercise ONLY. In the 30:2 cycle of CPR you only ever perform 2 ventilations.

To specifically practice the correct interval between ventilations, you need to choose either the practice for Rescue Breathing or the practice for CPR.

If you are only concentrating on practice the correct rate of inspiration and volume of inspiration, then you can use either section.

On SmartMan you see the colored bars as you perform either type of ventilation. Again your target is the bright green. If you perform correct inspiration at the correct volume with the correct interval between each ventilation both the vertical bars and the horizontal bars will be all bright green.

With ventilations, once you complete the set, the computer will display a set of numbers above the bar graph. It will tell you the exact time of the inspiration (your target is 1 second) and the exact time from the start of one ventilation to the start of the next ventilation (your target in rescue breathing is 6 seconds).

The target performance for a ventilation with a BVM is to have a smooth consistent squeeze of the bag for about 1 second. Then immediately release your hand from the bag. It is slow on the squeeze then immediately fully release.

It is a common error to hold the bag once it has been squeezed.

During the instruction phase for performing ventilations in CPR (NOT IN RESUCE BREATHING), when students are told to go slow, this must be made clear that going slow means going slow for the inspiration. Inspiration should take a second. When performing the 2 ventilations in CPR, it is not slow between compressions. In CPR the second ventilation must start as soon as the air has fully emptied from the lungs.